When was chicory first used in coffee?

Chicory was first roasted and used in coffee in Holland around 1750. It soon became a popular replacement for coffee. By 1785, James Bowdoin, the governor of Massachusetts, had introduced it to US. In 1806, Napoleon attempted to make France completely self-sufficient by using as a substitute. While this did not last long, the French continued to use chicory to blend with their coffee.